4/1/94, 3/31/95, 4/4/97, 31 Mar 00, 3 April 2000, 30 Mar 01
Campbell: 567-, 673, 687, 730-740
Seeds in vessel, appeared 120 mil yr ago
PARTS (all originated as leaves which became specialized): (see p 731, 732)
SEPALS covering
CALYX cup, covering, husk
PETALS flower leaf
COROLLA little crown
STAMEN originated as leaf parts too standing upright
ANTHER flower
FILAMENT hair
CARPEL is a folded leaf fruit
STIGMA spot, mark, point
STYLE pillar, stalk
OVARY egg, place for
OVULE egg, little
3 April 2000
Pollination:
| wind | no color, no odor, much pollen | ragweed |
| bee | yellow, never red, nectary guide (often UV) | mints, dandelion |
| butterfly | sweet smell, tubular corolla, | thistle, |
| flies | smell of rotting flesh | carrion weed |
| beetles | inferior ovaries, not damaged by chewing | Rose |
| moths | white flowers, open at dusk, very fragrant | white campion, 4 o'clocks |
| bats | copious amount of nectar, night blooming, smell fruit-like or fermenting | Phlox (?) |
| Hummingbirds | red, tubular corolla, high sugar, little odor | Trumpet Vine |
(Ward's Bulletin, Summer 1986)
rvsd 31 March 2000, 4 April 03
TRAIT PRIMITIVE ADVANCED
1. number of flower parts many, indefinite parts few parts, fixed numbers
2. relation of parts separate fused
3. symmetry of parts radial bilateral
4. location of ovary superior inferior
| Family | traits | examples | Peterson's
page | |
| Lily | parts in 3s: 3/6 ptls, 6 stmn,3lob stigma | lily, onion | xvi | |
| Cruciferae | 4 petals in a cross, 6 stm (2 shorter) | cabbage, mustard | xix | |
| Rose | 5 rounded ptls, 5 spls, indef# stamen | berries, apple, cherry | xx | |
| Legume | 5ptls, 2 lwr: keel,2 wings,1 upr banner | beans, peas | xx | |
| Violet | 5s, lwr wide,veined | pansy, violet | xxii | |
| Umbelliferae | umbrella-shaped clusters, 5 petals | carrot, QnAnn lace
poison hemlock |
xxiii | |
| Labiatae | corolla, 2 flaring lips, upper has 2 lobes, lower three lobes | mints | xxv | |
| Solanaceae | 5s, stamen and pistil united to form beak. berry w/ many seeds | Tomato, egg plant, potato | xxv | |
| Compositae | cluster of many florets, rays around central disk | lgest family, daisy
zinnia, dandelion |
xxviii |
In comparison of Monocots and dicots in Campbell's 6th:
Summary table 721
Seed Structure 792
Seed Germination 794
Stem structure 733
| page 721 in Campbell's 6th | MONOCOTS | DICOTS: |
| example: | corn | bean |
| seed leaves (792, 793 & 794) | one | two |
| vascular tissue distribution (733) | complex distribution | arranged in ring |
| leaf structure (721) | veins usually parallel | veins reticular |
| root structure | fibrous or diffuse | tap root |
| flower parts | multiples of three | parts in 4s or 5s |